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On this page· 6 sections
  1. The 20-employee rule is the whole ballgame
  2. Part A is usually a free yes
  3. The Special Enrollment Period that protects you when you retire
  4. The traps that catch people
  5. Common questions
  6. References

Medicare · Cornerstone

Medicare and employer coverage, when to delay Part B

Last reviewed June 11, 20263 min readBy the Goodsurance editorial team Reviewed by the Goodsurance editorial team

Plenty of people are still working at 65 with good coverage, and the natural question is whether to take Medicare now or wait. The answer is not the same for everyone, and getting it wrong cuts both ways: enroll when you did not need to and you pay a premium twice over; delay when you should not have and you face uncovered bills plus a lasting penalty. The good news is that the decision turns on a small number of clear factors.

1The 20-employee rule is the whole ballgame

The single factor that decides this is the size of the employer providing your coverage. The rule is about which insurance pays first, the primary payer. 20 or more employees: the group health plan generally pays primary and Medicare pays secondary, so you can usually delay Part B without penalty while you keep the employer coverage. Fewer than 20 employees: Medicare generally becomes the primary payer at 65, whether or not you have enrolled, so if you delayed Part B, the bills Medicare would have paid as primary may go unpaid.

So the first question is not "do I like my coverage," it is "how many people work here." If you are not sure how Medicare coordinates with your specific plan, the plan's benefits administrator can tell you whether it pays primary or secondary, and that answer settles the decision.

20 or more employees
  • Group plan pays primary
  • Delaying Part B is safe
Fewer than 20 employees
  • Medicare is primary at 65, enrolled or not
  • Delaying can leave you exposed

2Part A is usually a free yes

Part A is premium-free for most people, since it is paid for through the Medicare taxes you contributed during your working years. Because it costs nothing, most people enroll in Part A at 65 even while keeping employer coverage, and it can pick up some hospital costs as secondary coverage.

There is one important exception: if you contribute to a Health Savings Account, enrolling in any part of Medicare, including free Part A, ends your ability to contribute to the HSA. If you are still funding an HSA and want to keep doing so, that is a real reason to delay even Part A, and it needs to be timed carefully because Part A enrollment can be backdated. If an HSA is in the picture, plan this deliberately rather than enroll on autopilot.

3The Special Enrollment Period that protects you when you retire

The reason delaying Part B at a large employer is safe is the Special Enrollment Period. If you had qualifying employer coverage based on current employment, you get a window to enroll in Part B without penalty when that employment or coverage ends, generally up to eight months. Active, current employer coverage keeps your window open; the SEP begins when the job or the coverage ends. To avoid a gap, the move is to enroll in Part B in the month before your employer coverage ends so the new coverage starts seamlessly.

The eight months, and the clean play

8-month SEP · starts when employment or coverage ends
Coverage ends+2 mo+4 mo+6 mo+8 mo

4The traps that catch people

A few situations look like protection but are not, and they are where people get hurt. COBRA does not count, it is not active employer coverage for Medicare's purposes, so if you are relying on it at 65 your enrollment window may already be running. Retiree coverage does not count either, coverage from a former employer is not current-employment coverage. And a spouse's plan follows the spouse's employer: you can sometimes delay based on a working spouse's coverage, but the 20-employee test applies to their employer, and the protected window is tied to their employment ending, not yours. If any of these describes your situation, confirm your specific case before you decide to wait.

COBRA
  • Not active employer coverage
  • The window may already be running
Retiree coverage
  • From a former employer, does not count
  • Not current-employment coverage
A spouse's plan
  • The 20-employee test is their employer
  • The window ties to their employment ending

Common questions about Medicare

Quick answers to common questions

Tap any question to expand. Each question links to a fuller standalone answer.

Does Medicare cover durable medical equipment?

Yes.

Medicare Part B covers durable medical equipment (DME): reusable medical gear your doctor prescribes for use at home, such as wheelchairs, walkers, hospital beds, oxygen equipment, CPAP machines, and blood sugar monitors. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the $283 Part B deductible in 2026, and Medicare pays the other 80%. To be covered, the item must be ordered by a Medicare-enrolled doctor and supplied by a Medicare-enrolled supplier, and some items are rented rather than bought. Equipment meant mainly for use outside the home, or only for comfort or convenience, is not covered.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover mental health services?

Yes.

Medicare covers mental health care across its parts in 2026. Part B covers outpatient services like therapy, counseling, and visits with psychiatrists, psychologists, and clinical social workers, and since 2024 it also covers marriage and family therapists and mental health counselors. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the $283 deductible, and one depression screening each year is free. Part A covers inpatient mental health care, with a lifetime limit of 190 days in a freestanding psychiatric hospital. Part D covers most mental health medications. Many of these services are also available by telehealth, and Medicare Advantage plans cover at least the same benefits.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover vision care?

Mostly no for routine care.

In 2026, Original Medicare does not cover routine eye exams for glasses or contact lenses, and it does not pay for the glasses or contacts themselves. It does cover some medical eye care: yearly glaucoma screenings for people at high risk, diabetic retinopathy exams, treatment for eye diseases, and cataract surgery (including one pair of standard glasses or contacts afterward). For those covered services you pay 20% after the $283 Part B deductible. Many Medicare Advantage plans add a routine vision benefit covering eye exams and an allowance for glasses.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover physical therapy?

Yes.

Medicare Part B covers outpatient physical therapy that is medically necessary to treat your condition. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the yearly Part B deductible ($283 in 2026). There is no longer a hard dollar cap on therapy, but once your physical and speech therapy together pass $2,480 in 2026, your therapist must add a note (called a KX modifier) confirming you still need care. Claims above $3,000 may be reviewed for medical necessity. Part A covers physical therapy you receive as a hospital inpatient or in a skilled nursing facility. A doctor or therapist must set up and regularly review your plan of care.

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Does Medicare cover chiropractic care?

Partly.

Medicare Part B covers one specific chiropractic service: manual manipulation of the spine to correct a subluxation (when one or more bones of the spine are out of position) that a doctor confirms is medically necessary. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the $283 Part B deductible in 2026. Medicare does not cover other services a chiropractor might offer, such as X-rays, massage therapy, acupuncture, or routine wellness visits, so you would pay the full cost for those. Some Medicare Advantage plans include extra chiropractic or wellness benefits beyond this.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover ambulance services?

Yes, in limited situations.

Medicare Part B covers emergency ambulance transportation when traveling any other way could endanger your health, taking you to the nearest appropriate hospital or facility. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the $283 Part B deductible in 2026. Air ambulance is covered only when ground transport cannot reach you or would take too long. Non-emergency ambulance trips, for example to dialysis, are covered only when a doctor provides a written order stating they are medically necessary. Medicare does not cover ambulance rides taken purely for convenience.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover skilled nursing facility care?

Yes, on a short-term basis.

Medicare Part A covers skilled nursing facility (SNF) care after a qualifying inpatient hospital stay of at least 3 days, when you need daily skilled care like nursing or therapy. In 2026 you pay $0 for days 1 through 20 of each benefit period, $217 per day for days 21 through 100, and all costs after day 100. Coverage is for skilled care while you recover, not for long-term or custodial care (help with daily activities like bathing or dressing), which Medicare does not cover. Long-term nursing home care is generally paid through Medicaid or private funds.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover hearing aids?

No, not under Original Medicare.

In 2026, Original Medicare (Parts A and B) does not pay for hearing aids or the exams to fit them. Part B does cover diagnostic hearing and balance exams when your doctor orders them to help diagnose or treat a medical condition, and for those you pay 20% after the $283 deductible. Many Medicare Advantage plans, however, include a hearing benefit that helps pay for routine hearing exams and hearing aids, often through a specific network or allowance. If hearing coverage matters to you, it is worth comparing Advantage plans or a standalone hearing plan.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover home health care?

Yes, when you qualify.

Medicare Parts A and B cover home health care if a doctor certifies that you are homebound (leaving home takes a major effort) and need part-time skilled care, such as skilled nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, or speech therapy. A Medicare-certified home health agency must provide the care under a plan your doctor reviews. You pay $0 for covered home health visits in 2026, and 20% for any durable medical equipment. Medicare does not cover 24-hour home care, meal delivery, or homemaker services like cleaning when that is the only care you need.

Full answer →
Does Medicare cover diabetes supplies and testing?

Yes.

In 2026 Medicare covers most diabetes care across two parts. Part B (outpatient care and equipment) covers blood sugar monitors, test strips, lancets, and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) as durable medical equipment, plus diabetes screenings and a self-management training program. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the $283 Part B deductible. Part D (drug coverage) covers insulin and related supplies like syringes, and in 2026 your insulin is capped at $35 for a month's supply. If you have a Medicare Advantage plan, it covers at least the same diabetes benefits, sometimes with added extras.

Full answer →
Which is better, Medigap or Medicare Advantage?

Neither is better for everyone; they suit different needs.

Medigap (also called Medicare Supplement, a private policy that pairs with Original Medicare) lets you see any doctor nationwide who accepts Medicare with no network and very predictable out-of-pocket costs, but you pay a monthly Medigap premium and add a separate Part D drug plan. Medicare Advantage (Part C, your Medicare benefits through a private plan) often has a lower or $0 plan premium, bundles drug coverage and extras like dental and vision, and caps your yearly out-of-pocket costs, but uses provider networks and may require prior approval. People who travel, want maximum doctor freedom, and prefer steady costs often lean Medigap; people who want low premiums, extras, and a network they are comfortable with often lean Medicare Advantage. With both, you still pay the Part B premium ($202.90 per month in 2026). To find out which fits your situation, reach out to a licensed Goodsurance advisor at 1-888-301-8091 (TTY 711), Mon to Fri 8 am to 5 pm PT.

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Can I see out-of-network doctors on a Medicare Advantage PPO?

Yes.

A Medicare Advantage PPO (Preferred Provider Organization plan, where your Medicare benefits come through a private plan) lets you see doctors and hospitals outside the plan's network, but you usually pay more for out-of-network care than for in-network care. Staying in network keeps your costs lower, while going out of network is allowed and can be worth it if you want a specific provider. This flexibility is a key difference from a Medicare Advantage HMO (Health Maintenance Organization plan), which generally only covers in-network care except in emergencies. With a PPO, you also typically do not need a referral to see a specialist. Keep in mind the provider must accept the plan and Medicare. Emergency and urgent care are covered regardless of network on both plan types. The trade-off with a PPO is more freedom in exchange for generally higher costs than an HMO.

Full answer →

References

  1. Medicare.govWorking past 65, primary-vs-secondary payer, and the Special Enrollment Period.
  2. CMS, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesThe employer-size coordination-of-benefits rules. cms.gov
  3. IRS, Internal Revenue ServiceHSA contribution rules and Medicare enrollment. irs.gov